钙离子荧光探针Fluo-3五钠盐
Ex (nm) | 506 | Em (nm) | 515 |
分子量 | 879.44 | 溶剂 | Water |
存储条件 | 在零下15度以下保存, 避免光照 |
钙测量对于许多生物学研究至关重要。在结合Ca2 +后显示光谱响应的荧光探针使研究人员能够使用荧光显微镜,流式细胞仪,荧光光谱和荧光酶标仪来研究细胞内游离Ca2 +浓度的变化。Fluo-3和Rhod-2是可见光激发钙指示剂中常用的。除非与Ca2 +结合,否则Fluo-3本质上是无荧光的,并且在饱和Ca2 +处的量子产率约为〜0.14,Ca2 +的Kd为390 nM。
钙指示剂AM Esters的使用
1.带有钙指示剂AM酯:
AM酯是非极性酯,很容易穿过活细胞膜,并被活细胞内的细胞酯酶迅速水解。AM酯被广泛用于无创地将各种极性荧光探针装载到活细胞中。但是,使用AM酯时必须特别注意,因为它们易于水解,特别是在溶液中。它们应该用高质量的无水二甲基亚砜(DMSO)进行重构。DMSO储备溶液应在-20°C的干燥环境中保存,并避光。在这些条件下,AM酯应稳定数月。
以下是我们推荐的将AM酯加载到活细胞中的方案。该协议仅提供指南,应根据您的特定需求进行修改。
a)在高质量无水DMSO中制备2至5 mM AM酯储备溶液。
b)在实验当天,将固体的钙指示剂溶解在DMSO中,或将等分的指示剂储备溶液解冻至室温。在您选择的含0.04%Pluronic®F-127的缓冲液(例如Hanks and Hepes缓冲液)中,准备2至20 µM的工作溶液。对于大多数细胞系,我们建议钙指示剂的终浓度为4-5 uM。必须根据经验确定细胞加载所需指示剂的确切浓度。为避免因过载和潜在的染料毒性而导致的任何伪影,建议使用可以产生足够信号强度的小探针浓度。
c)如果您的细胞(例如CHO细胞)中含有有机阴离子转运蛋白,则可以将丙磺舒(2–5 mM)或亚砜吡嗪(0.2–0.5 mM)添加到染料工作溶液中(终孔浓度为1)丙磺舒为-2.5 mM,亚磺酰吡嗪为0.1 -0.25 mM,以减少去酯化指示剂的泄漏。
d)将等体积的染料工作溶液(来自步骤b或c)添加到细胞板中。
e)在温度或37°C下将染料加载板室孵育20分钟(尤其是Fluo-8 AM)至2小时,然后在室温下将板孵育30分钟。
注1:降低加载温度可能会减少指示器的分隔。
注2:将Cal-520 AM孵育2小时以上,对于某些细胞系会产生更好的信号强度。
f) 用HHBS或您选择的缓冲液(包含阴离子转运蛋白抑制剂,如1 mM丙磺舒,如果适用)替换染料工作溶液,以除去过量的探针。
g)在所需的Ex / Em波长下运行实验。
2.测量细胞内钙响应:
为了确定溶液的游离钙浓度或单波长钙指示剂的Kd,使用以下等式:
[Ca]free = Kd[F ─ Fmin]/Fmax ─ F]
其中F是实验钙水平下指示剂的荧光,Fmin是不存在钙时的荧光,Fmax是钙饱和探针的荧光。
解离常数(Kd)是探针对钙的亲和力的量度。 与校准溶液相比,荧光指示剂的Ca结合和光谱性质在细胞环境中变化非常显着。 细胞内指标的原位反应校准通常产生显着高于体外测定的Kd值。 通过在离子载体如A-23187,4-溴A-23187和离子霉素存在下将加载的细胞暴露于受控的Ca2+缓冲液来进行原位校准。 或者,细胞透化剂如洋地黄皂苷或X-100可用于将指示剂暴露于细胞外培养基的受控Ca2+水平。
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